Francis F Cleveland

	silk on original stiff card printed with STEVENS and MANNION's name     the image of this bookmark kindly donated by The President of The Stevengraph Collectors Association	silk on different original stiff card	same silk, but with woven signature
	Printed on backing paper:- WOVEN IN PURE SILK STEVENGRAPH MFG. CO. J.J. MANNION & CO., Sole Props. CINCINNATI	Printed on backing paper:- SOUVENIR OF Discovery of America AND World's Columbian EXPOSITION Woven in Pure Silk

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
{portrait of Mrs Cleveland}
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
{signature of:}
 
Francis F. Cleveland
 
 

silk:
non-signature version: 12.1cm deep by 6.4cm wide
signature version: 14.0cm deep by 6.4cm wide

The backing paper for this silk ribbon clearly refers to "STEVENGRAPH MFG. CO.", being Thomas STEVENS, and also attributes it to J.J. Mannion.
The portrait of Mrs. Cleveland is also identical to the normal sized portrait made by Stevens, as can be seen here on so210,
and with the woven signature version, seen here on so208.

Within the Stevengraph Collectors Association it is firmly believed that Mannion was an agent of Stevens, and this silk ribbon backing paper would give support to this belief. It is also possible that Mannion were agents for other weavers, so it cannot be assumed that all Mannion silks are of Stevens manufacture.

The basic layout and design of this silk was used by STEVENS to make the three USA Presidential silks of

sb418 - Benjamin Harrison (President)
sb798 - Francis F Cleveland - the silk above
sb854 - Grover Cleveland (President)